Flag of India

The flag design is intended to evoke a sense of national pride and unity:

• Saffron symbolizes sacrifice, courage and strength;
• white color symbolizes peace, purity, truth and harmony;
• the green stripe symbolizes fertility, growth and receptivity.

Saffron color symbolizes vitality, dynamism, courage and bravery. The color saffron indicates the courage and sacrifice of the nation in the struggle for independence.

According to Indian philosophy, white is a symbol of knowledge. It inspires people to follow the path of honesty and truth. It symbolizes happiness, peace, purity, truth and honesty in the country. It is also a symbol of purity and harmony. 

The symbol of honor of the Indian national flag is green. It symbolizes faith, fertility, happiness, prosperity, progress, intelligence and brotherhood. In addition, green represents the greenery in India and provides relief for the eyes. Like nature, which conveys the message of life, this color also has a deep connection to life.

"Ashoka Chakra" comes from the Pillar of Ashoka located in Sarnath (Varanasi). The pillar was built during the reign of Emperor Ashoka to promote his Dhamma (rules of morality). Emperor Ashoka was a great ruler of ancient India who promoted kindness, compassion and love for people. These values continue to be an integral part of the Indian character today.

The color of Ashoka's chakra is blue. It has 24 spokes and represents human qualities, all-round development, progress, continuity and duty. Each spoke has a unique message, but they all convey the same basic idea - promoting love, benevolence, morality, brotherhood, unity, helping the weak, security, cooperation and patriotism. It emphasizes the importance of broad thinking and intellectuality, and warns against the abuse of power and rights. The Ashoka Chakra symbolizes justice for all, as well as the economic and social development of the country.

• The first form of the Indian national flag was adopted during the Swadeshi movement in 1906. It was a tricolor flag with green, yellow, and red stripes. On the green stripe are eight lotus flowers, on the red stripe are the moon and the sun, and on the yellow stripe in the middle is the inscription Vande Mātaram (Hindi: वन्दे मातरम्), the national song of India.
• The second national flag is the flag raised in Paris in 1907 and, later, in Berlin during a conference. It was similar to the first flag, but the color of the upper stripe was changed from green to saffron. The red color of the lower stripe was replaced by dark green. The sun and moon symbols remained, but their design was changed. The central yellow stripe remained unchanged.
• The third national flag was designed under the guise of the 1917 Autonomy Movement. This flag had five red and four green horizontal stripes with seven Saptarshi stars inside. The Saptarishis are seven sages born from the mind of the god Brahma. They are believed to have created the universe and are the ancestors of all living beings. In the upper left corner of the flag, Union Jack was present, and in the opposite corner, a white crescent and a star.
• During the 1912 session of the Indian Congress Committee in Bezwad, a flag known as the fourth national flag was used. It consisted of two primary colors, green and red, representing the Hindu and Muslim religions. The flag featured a Charkha spinning wheel, a type of Indian spinning wheel mentioned in the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi.
• The shape of the flag closely resembles the shape of the modern national flag. The national flag, adopted in 1931, had three stripes of saffron, white, and green, and in the middle, as in the previous version, was a charkha, a spinning wheel.
• The Flag Committee of the Constituent Assembly approved the current design of the national flag on July 22, 1947. Only one change was made to the 1931 flag: the spinning wheel was replaced by a blue image of the Ashoka chakra (Dharmachakra), which represents the Buddha's teachings on the path to enlightenment and liberation from karmic rebirth in samsara.